Al Amanah: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies provides immediate open access to its content on the principle that making research freely available to the public supports a greater global exchange of knowledge.

All articles published in this journal are accessible online without any subscription or payment. Readers are free to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author, as long as proper attribution is given.

This journal operates under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This means:

• Authors retain copyright of their work.

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• Appropriate credit must be given, a link to the license must be provided, and any changes made must be indicated.

By choosing this open access model, Al Amanah ensures maximum visibility, accessibility, and scholarly impact of the work published.